Working of condensorcondenser, as the name suggests, condenses the refrigerant vapour to liquid refrigerant. When the compressor is started, it draws the low pressure vapour from the evaporator at state 2 and. Sep 28, 2015 principle of refrigeration the refrigeration cycle is also known as vapour compression cycle. Refrigerators and freezers may be freestanding, or built into a kitchen. Cullen showed how the rapid heating of liquid to a gas can result in cooling. Typically the thermodynamic system in a refrigerator analysis will be a working fluid, a refrigerant, that circulates around a loop, as shown in figure 3. In the 1930s and 1940s the halocarbon refrigerants commonly known by such trade names as freon, genetron, isotron, etc. The compressor constricts the refrigerant vapor, raising its pressure, and pushes it into the coils on the outside of the refrigerator. This article describes the important parts of a refrigerator and also their working. We will look at all of its main design features, how it works, advantages and disadvantages and some of its common applications. Refrigeration is a process that removes heat from a space, substance, or system to lower andor maintain its temperature below the ambient temperature. Capillary tube is a pressure reducing device to meter the flow of refrigerant from the condenser outlet to the evaporator inlet depending on the system design and usage, there is varying mixture refrigerant and oil entering the capillary. Investigation of vibration transmission properties of. The refrigeration process operates on scientific principles that are applied to practical mechanical processes.
Two young swedish students at stockholms royal institute of technology decided to create a cooling effect by using heat and without moving parts. Investigation of vibration transmission properties of compressor grommets in domestic refrigerators aleks 1kuyumcuoglu. The small energy supply is by means of a heater which may be electric or gas. Pdf analysis of refrigeratorfreezer appliances having dual. Until now, only one hfc based refrigerant, hfc 4a, has been developed. An air conditioner became compulsory home appliance and starting from schools, offices to 1 bhk household apartments everywhere you will find these appliances. Introduction, four basic principles can be used to explain the mechanical refrigeration process.
Field studies and energy efficiency improvement m siddhartha bhatt. Hcfcs are comparatively simpler to produce and the three refrigerants 22, 123, and 124 have. Domestic refrigerator parts and their working free articles. In many ways, the refrigerator works in a similar manner to how a home air conditioning unit works. In the past, this was done by collecting ice in the winter and using its specific heat to cool as the ice melted. Refrigerator pdf final report by electric refrigerator evaluation standards subcommittee. Cyclone separator design, components and how it works savree. It is used to remove heat from the refrigerated space. The first mechanical refrigerators had to be connected to the sewer system to dispose of the refrigerant on a regular basis. A vapor compression cycle is used in most freezers.
Methods of installing, maintaining, and repairing refrigeration equipment and maintaining, servicing, and repairing domestic refrigerators and freezers are also covered in this chapter. In this particular configuration, cold side of the module is inside the cooler compartment of refrigerator and hot side is exposed to atmosphere. The refrigerators main function is to use electricity to cool food to approximately 4 deg c. Among the smallest are peltiertype refrigerators designed to chill beverages.
In this section, we will learn about refrigerator and heat pump that works on the opposite principle of a heat engine. Thanuja t c vlsi design and embedded systems, vtu, belgaum abstractintelligent appliances with multimedia capability have been emerging into our daily life. Analysis of refrigeratorfreezer appliances having dual refrigeration cycles. Refrigeration basic principle applies on all system whether its the smallest water cooler to largest walkin freezer that ever built. It wasnt so long ago that youd have to be very rich or well connected to score a chilled drink with a few ice cubes floating inside. A overload protector is an electrical device which we use for compressors protection, whenever the compressor temperature high from his range the compressor overload cut. Energy in the form of heat is removed from a lowtemperature reservoir and transferred to a hightemperature reservoir. Lets take a closer look at how a refrigerator works. But a refrigeration system is different from most of our work.
The first electric refrigerator for domestic use was invented. The main purpose of refrigeration is thermal conditioning e. The history of the refrigerator sandvik materials technology. The working principle of a refrigerator and refrigeration, in general is very simple. Earlier food was preserved by traditional methods like salting and pickling which were not always practical. It is known as the energy in transfer and never stands still and is always on the move. Also here the design of the capillary tube considers for a domestic refrigerator of 0. Refrigeration is the achievement of temperatures below that of the local environment. Main function of any airconditioner is to control the temperature and humidity of the air that is. When a liquid evaporates it causes the surrounding area to cool.
Narrator in this video, were going to look at the gas cyclone separator. Working principle of refrigerators how refrigerators work. Freezers work in a similar way, but cool down to a much lower temperature, typically. You breath felt colder when you blow air with lips pursed. Today, we take refrigeration for granted, but once upon a time, fortunes were made shipping large blocks. Air conditioning unit 7 air conditioning equipment and. Manual refrigerator refrigerator pdf manual download. Domestic refrigerators and freezers for food storage are made in a range of sizes. As with all air conditioning systems the principle remains the same whereby the heat is removed from one area and replaced with chilled dry air and the hot air is expelled, normally to the outside atmosphere. Find owners guides and pdf support documentation for blenders, coffee makers, juicers and more.
Refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pumps technical. Again r600a has additional advantages of low saturation range of pressure. Refrigerator definition, main parts or component, working principle, advantages, disadvantages, application, pdf. Reciprocating compressors are best for domestic use as they are of least maintenance. What is overload protector and its function in refrigerator and air conditioners. How to determine the thermal capacity of a domestic. There are 200 different models of refrigerator on the market. The consumer finally stores the food in a domestic refrigerator or freezer until used.
Gases get hotter when you compress them into less volume because you have to work to push their energetic molecules together. We are continuing this project with some fabrication work and we have collected various equipments which is required for this project like high pressure pipes, regulator valve, and capillary tube. Three methods by which heat may be transferred from a warmer substance to a colder substance are conduction, convection, and radiation. The basic working principle of a freezer is evaporation.
The two main issues confronting the refrigerator manufacturers meet the standards of ecofriendliness and. We are going to analyse the experimental details of lpg refrigerator, in the major project. The size of the refrigerator is defined in terms of the total internal volume of the refrigerator. May 21, 2007 if you are like most in the hvac industry, you are a handson person you dont want to mess with a lot of theory, but just get in and get the job done. Working of refrigerator and refrigeration principle. How does a domestic refrigerator work india study channel. Refrigerant gases, including r4a, lower gwp natural refrigerant r600a, and hfo gases such as r1234yf. Page 32 types of blockage to understand the absorption principle we have set up several refrigerators to inspect and diagnose. Amrit kumar refrigeration and airconditioning leave a comment.
Which type of compressor is best for domestic refrigerator. Again, repeat the same thing but this time try to blow air a little more furiously with your lips pursed what did you observe. An absorption refrigerator is a refrigerator that uses a heat source e. Can we think of a device that is the opposite of a heat engine, i. An air conditioner collects hot air from a given space, processes it within itself with the help of a refrigerant and a bunch of coils and then releases cool air into the same space where the hot air had originally been collected. Thermoacoustic refrigeration description of technology. This article explains the construction and working of a domestic home refrigerator. These refrigerators can have single door, double door, or side doors. The danfoss product range for the refrigeration and air. Heat transfer in refrigerator condensers and evaporators d. From the first law of thermodynamics we learn that heat cannot be created or destroyed. A large domestic refrigerator stands as tall as a person and may be about 1 m wide with a capacity of 600 l.
Flechon et al 1981 built a refrigerator working on vapour absorption cycle with electrical energy to simulate the performance. The principle on how does a refrigerator work is pretty simple. Domestic refri gerators in india and other south asian countries form one of the important electrical loads segment in a household and account for i 0 to 70 per cent of the allotted domesti c electrical energy. Heat can be converted from one energy form to another and is never content to remain stationary or static. The manufacturers will usually have the rating as part of the number. As you can see from this typical example of a air conditioning system, the ambient air is drawn over the condensor that can best.
In other words, refrigeration is artificial humanmade cooling. First, remove all shelves in the refrigerator, than remove the refrigerator control box by loosening 2 screws. The domestic refrigerator is one found in almost all homes for storing food, vegetables, fruits, beverages, and much more. A refrigerator is a heat engine operated in reverse, more or less. Moreover, as work continues including additional toxicity evaluation more information on health, environmental and safety effects of alternatives and replacements will become available for use in selecting among the options discussed in this document. In this cycle, a circulating refrigerant enters a compressor as lowpressure vapor at or. Google the compressor manufacturers name and the compressor model number that will get you what you need. Freon gas or the refrigerant absorbs heat inside the area to be cooled in the evaporator unit and transfers that heat to the refrigerator s condenser at exterior. Inside the cabinet is a cold chamber with shelves for storing products. Engineering and innovation, mechanical engineering the domestic refrigerator is one found in almost all the homes for storing food, vegetables, fruits, beverages, and much more. You will know details about the principal parts of any domestic refrigerator, namely evaporator, compressor, condenser and capillary tube. Domestic refrigerator article about domestic refrigerator. Heat insulation is placed between the walls of the cold chamber and the case of the refrigerator.
The heat of the air, of the lining of the refrigerator, and of the food to be preserved is transferred to a colder substance, called the refrigerant. Performance analysis of a domestic refrigerator 584 are three main parameter that were considered in this study. A domestic refrigerator works on vapor compression refrigeration cycle. Heat transfer in refrigerator condensers and evaporators. Shows a schematic diagram of an electrolux refrigerator it is a domestic refrigerator and is the best known absorption type of refrigerator. Now in liquid form at high pressure, the refrigerant cools down as it flows into the coils inside the. When you expand a gas, it is suddenly able to occupy much more volume. Unless you understand the basic principles covered in this article, you will never understand refrigeration. Electric refrigerator freezers, hereinafter whose target year was fiscal 2004 was.
The system uses two coolants, the first of which performs evaporative cooling and is then absorbed into the second coolant. Refrigeration system by using lpg liquefied petroleum gas. The main component of a refrigerator is its compressor using up to 80% of power. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Explain the basic principle of a vapour absorption refrigeration system. After many months of trial and error, they finally succeeded. Working of domestic refrigirator free download as word doc. Performance evolution of domestic refrigerator using lpg. The cycle operates at two pressures high and low, to produces a continuous cooling effect. Among the smallest is a 4 l peltier refrigerator advertised as being able to hold 6 cans of beer. When you pass a lowtemperature liquid close to objects that you want to cool, heat from those objects is transferred to the liquid, which evaporates and takes away the heat in. Well its called thermodynamics and it is here since laws of physics started working. Theoretical design of adiabatic capillary tube of a domestic. It is based on the second law of thermodynamics that the heat can made to flow from cold body to a hot body with the help of external source.
Household refrigerators are available in various forms and sizes. Refrigeratordefinition, main parts or component, working. The lpg is cheaper and possesses an environmental friendly nature with no ozone. How does air conditioning work everything you need to know. The working principle of a refrigerator is based on a vapour compression cycle used in most domestic. Nov 15, 2015 the working principle of a refrigerator and refrigeration, in general is very simple. The construction and working of simple vcrs is as shown in fig. Hvac and refrigeration system bureau of energy efficiency 74 are mandated to be phased out by 2005, and only the chlorine free zero ozone depletion hfcs would be acceptable. The working principle of freezer snowballmachinery. When the hot gas in the coils meets the cooler air temperature of the kitchen, it becomes a liquid. This is the principle behind refrigeration that still remains today. The next time you indulge in an ice cold drink on a hot day, you have your refrigerator and onboard freezer to thank for the refreshingly chilled beverage. What is overload protector and what is role of overload.
A large domestic refrigerator stands as tall as a person and may be about 1. Working of domestic refrigirator refrigerator heat. Refrigeration fundamentals heatcraft worldwide refrigeration. It is a heat exchanger and rejects heat to the environmentthe room in case of domestic refrigerators. Linde provides a range of products and services suitable for domestic refrigeration oems, and for engineers that service and maintain existing systems, including. Free kitchen appliance user manuals, instructions, and product support information. Superefficient refrigerator final report mecheng 589. Five million domestic refrigerators are sold each year in the united states, and for several decades styling and first cost were paramount considerations in the design and manufacture of domestic refrigerators.
Four principles of refrigeration as you may recall from module one tdp400, principles of mechanical refrigeration, level 1. Apr 04, 2010 domestic refrigerator parts and their working. They are able to preserve food for long periods by keeping it cool. The internal energy and temperature of the refrigerant is alternately raised and lowered by the devices in the loop. That was in 1922, and even the great albert einstein was. Carefully touch the absorber and boiler sections of each.
In this post you will learn the function of overload protector and its working principles. Working of a refrigerator and refrigeration principle behind it is explained with help of animation in a logical way in this video. Continuous running and cycling tests were performed on that refrigerator under tropical conditions using different capillary tube lengths and various charges of r4a and lpg. Performance evolution of domestic refrigerator using lpg cylinder. They are sealed inside a chamber with oil for maximum life as mentioned by fellow quorians which is called hermitically sealed compressor. Cullen never turned his theory into practice, but many were inspired to try to realize his idea.